This paper presents a transmission surveillance and protection-based approach for failures/faults over the passive optical network (PON) with an excellent combination of Smart Access Network _ Testing, Analyzing and Database (SANTAD) and Smart Drop Protection Scheme (SDPS). SANTAD is an optical monitoring and management system tool that focused on optical testing and line’s status monitoring in PON with some excellence features added, while SDPS is implemented in the drop region to provide self-protection capabilities against fiber cuts. A tapper circuit is designed to allow the optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) testing signal to bypass the optical splitter for distant monitoring when emitted in downstream direction. With the assistance of fourth window region at 1,625 nm and de(multiplexing) capabilities of wavelength selective coupler, the status of each fiber link can be displayed onto computer screen. Access Control System (ACS) is function to control the OTDR troubleshooting signals and activate the SDPS restoration scheme according to the type of failure in the drop region of PON. The implementation of the excellent combination in PON shows its contributions on obtains the high accuracy in detecting any occurrence of failures/faults and recovery the failure links within 15 s.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-010-9158-9
Online Date: 2/10/2010
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DOI: 10.1007/s10922-010-9156-y
Online Date: 1/30/2010
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This report summarizes the presentations and discussions at the 1st IFIP/IEEE International Workshop on Management of the Future Internet (ManFI 2009). This report provides a broad, high-level view of key requirements, challenges, strategies and R&D results associated with the current state-of-the-field in Future Internet management.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9153-1
Online Date: 12/5/2009
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DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9154-0
Online Date: 12/5/2009
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To exchange experiences with, and to discuss ideas on the usage of NetFlow/IPFIX in network management, the IRTF/NMRG, together with the European EMANICS Network of Excellence, organized a one-day workshop in October 2008. This paper presents a report of that meeting.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9138-0
Online Date: 11/22/2009
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Cognitive Radio (CR) equipments are radio devices that support the smart facilities offered by future cognitive networks. Even if several categories of equipments exist (terminal, base station, smart PDA, etc.), each requiring different processing capabilities (and associated cost or power consumption), these equipments have to integrate also a set of new capabilities as regards CR support, in addition to the usual radio signal processing elements. This implies real-time radio adaptation and sensing capabilities, but not only. We assert that it is necessary to add inside the radio equipments some management facilities for that purpose, and we propose in this paper a high-level design approach for the specification of a management framework. This includes a set of designing rules, based on hierarchical units that are distributed over three levels, and the associated APIs necessary to efficiently manage CR features inside a CR equipment. The proposed architecture is called HDCRAM (Hierarchical and Distributed Cognitive Architecture Management). HDCRAM is an extension of a former hierarchical and distributed reconfiguration management (HDReM) architecture, which is derived from our previous research on Software Defined Radio (SDR). The HDCRAM adds to the HDReM’s reconfiguration management facilities the necessary new management features, which enable the support of sensing and decision making facilities. It consists in the combination of one Cognitive Radio Management Unit (CRMU) with each Reconfiguration Management Unit (ReMU) distributed within the equipment. Each of these CRMU is in charge of the capture, the interpretation and the decision making according to its own goals. In this Cognitive Radio context, the term “decision” refers to the adaptation of the radio parameters to the equipment’s environment. This paper details the HDCRAM’s management functionality and structure. Moreover, in order to facilitate the early design phase of the management specification, which is new in radio design, HDCRAM has also been modeled with a meta-programming language based on UML. But beyond the first objective of high-level specification, we have also derived a simulator from the obtained meta-model, thanks to the use of an executable language. This gives the opportunity to specify the CR needs and play a wide variety of scenarios, in order to validate the CR equipment’s design. This approach provides high-level design facilities for the specification of cognitive management APIs inside a cognitive radio equipment.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9151-3
Online Date: 11/20/2009
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Inter-AS outbound traffic engineering (TE) is a set of techniques for controlling inter-AS traffic exiting an autonomous system (AS) by assigning the traffic to the best egress points (i.e. routers or links) from which the traffic is forwarded to adjacent ASes towards the destinations. In practice, changing network conditions such as inter-AS traffic demand variation, link failures and inter-AS routing changes occur dynamically. These changes can make fixed outbound TE solutions inadequate and may subsequently cause inter-AS links to become congested. In order to overcome this problem, we propose the deployment of a closed-loop control traffic engineering system that makes outbound traffic robust to inter-AS link failures and adaptive to changing network conditions. The objective is to keep the inter-AS link utilization balanced under unexpected events while reducing service disruptions and reconfiguration overheads. Our evaluation results show that the proposed system can successfully achieve better load balancing with less service disruption and re-configuration overhead in comparison to alternative approaches.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9142-4
Online Date: 11/7/2009
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Mobility management strategies in cognitive radio networks are paramount for seamless operation across different frequency bands and diverse radio access technologies. In order to satisfy mobility management requirements in cognitive radio networks, cross layer optimization and cooperation within a cognitive radio protocol stack is necessary. This paper examines spectrum mobility requirements and solutions suitable for deployment in cognitive radio networks. The requirements for mobility management tasks in cognitive radio networks are described together with mobility management protocol architecture intended to fulfill these requirements.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9146-0
Online Date: 11/7/2009
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This paper concentrates on self-configuration in wireless local area networks (WLANs). As the growth of the stringent demand of heterogeneity and re-configurability in future wireless networks, the initial configuration is getting more and more complex, especially in WLANs. In order to minimize the complexity of the configuration of the new deployed AP, this paper focuses on two key issues of self-configuration, network condition awareness and corresponding configuration decision. By designing three neighboring AP discovery mechanisms, network condition could be promptly perceived. And then, with the obtained information of neighboring APs, self-configuration decisions are made based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and grey relational analysis (GRA) for mode configuration and channel selection. Benefiting from self-configuration, the complexity and the cost of both configuration and maintenance for WLANs are significantly reduced. A mass of simulations prove that self-configuration works well in increasing the network capacity and reducing the inter-network interference.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9144-2
Online Date: 10/31/2009
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Mobility has emerged as an important new trend in the arena of distributed computing bringing along deep social and technical transformations. These changes have created an increasing demand for applications and middleware that exploit and support mobility. This article proposes the use of the concept of magnetic fields borrowed from physics to enable self-organizing message forwarding on overlay networks over physical networks with possibly mobile nodes. Though autonomic, a network that employs the proposed message forwarding mechanism still needs a cognitive management to accomplish end-to-end goals. After formalizing the generic model of virtual magnetic fields, a distributed self-stabilizing propagation algorithm is defined and applied to the load-balancing problem. Simulation results are then discussed and implementation issues are detailed considering extensions of existing platforms. At last, conclusions are drawn and the main future works are listed.

DOI: 10.1007/s10922-009-9145-1
Online Date: 10/31/2009
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