by Lee, Kuk-Hee; Kim, Yun-Jae; Park, Chi-Yong

This paper provides plastic limit and TES (twice-elastic-slope) plastic load solutions for 90° pipe bends under combined pressure and out-of-plane bending, via three-dimensional non-linear FE analyses using elastic-perfectly plastic materials. Without internal pressure, a closed-form approximation is given. For combined pressure and out-of-plane bending, tabulated data are given, from which TES plastic loads can be interpolated. It is found that TES plastic loads for pipe bends under out-of-plane bending are lower than those under in-plane opening bending, but are higher than those under in-plane closing bending. It suggests that the in-plane closing bending mode is the most critical loading mode for 90° pipe bends, which is fully consistent to existing findings.

DOI: 10.1007/s10704-008-9217-3
Online Date: 6/26/2008
Print publication date: 1/1/2008
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